Noneho ko uzi icyo 310 ari cyo, n'uko iperereza risa (cyangwa rishobora kumera; mu by'ukuri byose bitandukanye gato), reka turebe uko ibisubizo bishoboka bivuye mu iperereza bishobora kuba:
- Byasuzumwe
- Nta gihamya gifatika
- Bifite ishingiro, nta ruhare rw'urukiko
- Bifite ishingiro, uruhare rw'urukiko
(Menya ko uru rurimi rushobora gukurwa ku rubuga rwa DCS, kuko ndashaka kwemeza ko mpa amakuru nyayo ya 100%.)
Byasuzumwe
DCS 310 irasuzumwa muri Indiana iyo raporo itujuje ibisobanuro by’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku bana cyangwa kutitabwaho nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko ya Indiana, nta makuru ahagije yo kumenya cyangwa kumenya umwana cyangwa umuryango, cyangwa ibyabaye bivugwa ko byabaye hanze ya leta nta ngaruka mbi ku mwana uri muri Indiana ubu. Icyemezo cyo gusuzuma 310 gifatwa n’umuyobozi ushinzwe kwakira abantu nyuma yo gusuzuma raporo n’amakuru ayishyigikira. Kimwe mu bitagaragara mu gusuzuma ni igihe raporo zivuga ko umwana muto udafite aho aba acumbikiwe ahabwa icumbi muri gahunda yagenwe; ibi bishobora kudasuzumwa, nubwo hari ibindi bintu bigaragaza ko hagomba gusuzumwa.
Raporo idafite ishingiro
Niba iperereza rya Indiana DCS rigaragaje ko ibirego byo guhohotera cyangwa kutita ku bandi "bidafite ishingiro," (bivuze ko nta kintu na kimwe kiri muri ibyo birego kandi ko atari ukuri cyangwa ko bitagaragajwe), urubanza rurarangira, kandi nta kindi gikorwa kirafatwa. Umuryango nta ngaruka z'igihe kirekire uzagira, kandi raporo ishobora gukurwa mu rutonde rw'abashinzwe kurengera abana.
R ishingiye ku bimenyetsoraporo, Nta ruhare rw'Urukiko
Niba DCS isanze ibirego "bifite ishingiro" (bivuze ko hari icyo bireba kandi ko umwana akeneye kurindwa) ariko ikabona ko umwana atari mu kaga ako kanya, urubanza rwemewe rushobora kwirindwa binyuze mu masezerano y’ubushake. Hari uburyo bubiri bushoboka hano: Amasezerano yo Kohereza Serivisi (SRA) cyangwa Gahunda yo Guhindura Ibisabwa mu buryo Butari bwo (IA).
SRA bivuze ko umuryango wemera ku bushake kwitabira serivisi zisabwa na DCS. Muri izi serivisi harimo, ariko ntibigarukira gusa ku bujyanama, amasomo yo kurera abana, cyangwa kuvura ibiyobyabwenge. Kandi kubera ko ibi bikorwa ku bushake bw'umuryango, bikorwa nta cyemezo cy'urukiko.
IA isobanura ko DCS ishobora gusaba serivisi zigenzurwa n'urukiko, ku ruhushya rw'umubyeyi cyangwa umurera. Ibi bisaba uruhushya rw'urukiko ariko birinda gutangaza ku mugaragaro ko umwana ari Umwana Ukeneye Serivisi (CHINS). IA isanzwe imara amezi atandatu ariko ishobora kongerwaho amezi atatu bibaye ngombwa.
R ishingiye ku bimenyetsoraporo, uruhare rw'Urukiko
Niba DCS yemeje ko urukiko rukeneye ubufasha mu kurinda umwana, ikigo kizatanga ikirego mu rukiko rw'abana kivuga ko umwana ari "Umwana Ukeneye Serivisi" (CHINS). Ubu ni bwo bwoko bw'icyemezo umuryango w'umwana urera wabonye. (Hano kandi niho nzashingira cyane ku magambo yemewe, kuko ntashaka ko hari ikintu kibi mbona.)
Iyo umwana amaze gusaba kuba umukinyi w’umwana (CHINS), hazabaho iburanisha ry’ibimenyetso. Umucamanza w’urukiko rw’abana aburanisha kandi DCS igomba kugaragaza ibirego mu "gupima ibimenyetso byinshi". Kuri iyi ngingo, iyo urukiko rusanze umwana atari umukinyi w’umwana, urubanza ruraseswa. Ariko, iyo urukiko rusanze umwana ari umukinyi w’umwana, urubanza rwimukira mu cyiciro cyo kwimura umwana. Mu iburanisha ry’imburagihe, umucamanza akora gahunda y’urubanza igaragaza serivisi n’ibikorwa umuryango ugomba gukora. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo (ariko ntibigarukira kuri):
- Amasomo yo kurera abana
- Kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge
- Gusura mu rugo
- Gusurwa
- Ubuvuzi bw'umuryango
- Kubona amacumbi ahamye n'akazi
Byongeye kandi, bitewe n'ibirego n'umutekano w'umwana, niba urukiko rwemeje ko umwana adashobora kuguma mu rugo mu mutekano, umwana ashobora kwimurwa by'agateganyo agashyirwa mu muryango cyangwa agashyirwa mu kigo cyita ku bana (mu gihe byaba ari ukwimurwa mu kigo cyita ku bana, birumvikana ko yakwimurwa agashyirwa mu kindi kigo cyita ku bana). Nk'ikigo cyita ku bana, birashoboka cyane ko uzi intambwe zikurikira nyuma yo kwimurwa n'ingaruka zabyo ku muryango w'umwana, bityo nzabisuzuma vuba.
Kenshi na kenshi, intego ya mbere ni uguhuza umuryango (guhuza umuryango nyuma yuko ababyeyi barangije ibisabwa muri gahunda y'urubanza). DCS ikora isuzuma rya buri gihe ryo guhuza umuryango kugira ngo imenye niba umuryango uri gutera imbere. Iyo umuryango udashobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo guhuza umuryango mu gihe cyagenwe n'urukiko, DCS ishobora gusaba urukiko guhagarika uburenganzira bw'ababyeyi. Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo umwana yirukanywe mu rugo igihe kirekire, ubusanzwe kikaba amezi 12 kugeza kuri 15, bitewe n'urubanza. Ariko, bishobora kumara igihe kinini cyangwa gito, bitewe n'urubanza rumwe ku giti cyarwo. Niba kongera guhuza umuryango bidashoboka, urukiko rushobora kwemeza izindi ntego zirambye ku mwana, nko kurera umwana, kumurera byemewe n'amategeko, cyangwa kumushyira mu muryango cyangwa ababyeyi barera abana babishoboye kandi bafite ubushake kandi bashobora kurera umwana.
Ariko kubera ko iyi nyandiko ari iyanyu, mwebwe ababyeyi barera abana, mushobora kuba mwibaza uko inzira yaba imeze mu gihe mwaba mwatumijwe 310, none dore uko bigenda:
Ese hari uburyo bwo gukuraho iyo 310 nta gihamya ifatika ifite? Ntabwo ari kenshi, ariko birashoboka. Ibi bishobora kuba bitewe n'uko umubyeyi urera umwana atanze integuza, icyifuzo cy'itsinda, cyangwa kwemera ko kuba umwana ari ikibazo kidashoboka. Bishobora kuba ari ukurinda ubusugire bw'umubyeyi urera umwana, kugabanya ibyago byo gushinja ibinyoma mu gihe kizaza, cyangwa kubera ko 310 yagaragajwe ko hari ibintu bituma iyi gahunda yo guturamo iteje akaga cyane (hari imyitwarire idakwiye hagati y'abana barera abana, cyangwa umwana akurura abantu bakuru, umwana agirira nabi amatungo mu rugo, cyangwa hari urusaku rw'ibirego by'ibinyoma bituruka mu muryango w'umwana, ubu umwana akeneye icyumba cye cyo kuraramo ariko urugo nta mwanya uhagije rufite… urutonde rurakomeza).
Ikindi kibazo cyatuma umwana akurwa mu rugo nta bimenyetso bifatika gishobora kuba ari uko ibintu byageze kuri 310 bitagera ku rwego rwo "guhohoterwa/kwirengagiza", ariko biteye impungenge cyane. Bishobora kuba ari ukwica amategeko agenga uburenganzira bw'umwana, cyangwa se bikaba ari ukwica amategeko agenga uburenganzira bw'umwana mu buryo bukabije (ibi bishobora kuba birimo, ariko ntibigarukira gusa kuri: nta gukomeretsa cyangwa gukomeretsa umwana, ahubwo umubyeyi urera umwana yamukubise urushyi, amukubita, cyangwa amukoresha umukandara, cyangwa se amutesha agaciro mu magambo).
Ese hari uburyo bwo gukuraho iyo 310 ishingiye ku bimenyetso? Akenshi, ariko hari ibintu bidakunze kubaho aho aho hantu hashobora kudakurwaho, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ihohoterwa. Birashoboka ko gukomereka ku bw'impanuka, gutinda gufata umwanzuro by'akanya gato, cyangwa kwirengagiza bishobora gutuma umwana aguma mu rugo ariko ikigo gikoresha gahunda y'umutekano na gahunda yo gukosora hamwe na serivisi nko kugisha inama, kugenzura cyane, amahugurwa, nibindi.
Ese inzu y’abana igomba gufunga uruhushya rwayo niba 310 ifitiwe ishingiro? Nk’uko ikibazo cya mbere cyavuzwe haruguru gikunze kugaragara, ariko akenshi bidasanzwe. Byaterwa n’imimerere kandi byasaba isesengura ryimbitse no gusuzuma ibirego n’ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi. Hanyuma, ikigo cyagombye gukusanya ibimenyetso no gutanga icyifuzo cyo kureka gusuzuma amateka y’inzu na DCS kugira ngo yemeze gukomeza gutanga uruhushya rwo gukomeza urugo. Hari igihe uruhushya rukurwaho bitewe n’ibikorwa by’umwe mu babyeyi barera, undi akaba ari umwere. Niba baratandukanye cyangwa bagatandukana mu gihe kizaza kandi umubyeyi w’umwere agashaka kugaruka, ibyo bishobora kuba bishoboka.
Ese hari inzira yo kujurira? Yego, irahari; muri rusange, iyo raporo yujujwe kandi yemejwe, mu minsi 15, DCS igomba kohereza ifishi ya "Itangazo ry'uko umuntu aboneka" cyangwa ifishi ya "Itangazo ry'Ishingiro". Iyo itanzweho ishingiro, itangazo rizaba rikubiyemo amakuru ku burenganzira bw'umuntu bwo gusaba Ubujurire bw'Ubutegetsi (ifishi yo gusaba Ubujurire bw'Ubutegetsi ishobora gushyirwa hamwe n'itangazo). Ifishi yo gusaba igomba gutangwa mu minsi 30 uhereye ku itariki raporo yatanzweho, bitabaye ibyo uwakoze icyaha agatakaza uburenganzira bwe bwo kujurira kandi ishingiro rirakomeza. Iyo ubusabe bwakiriwe n'Umujyanama Mukuru wa DCS, uwasabye azamenyeshwa itariki, isaha n'aho iburanisha ry'ubutegetsi ribera. Kuri iyo ngingo, umunyamategeko ashobora kuba ingirakamaro, ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa.
Byongeye kandi, hariho inzira y’amategeko/urukiko mu gihe ukurikiranwaho iperereza (ukekwaho kuba uwakoze icyaha), ashobora gusaba urukiko gukuraho inyandiko muri sisitemu. Iki ni igikorwa kigoye kandi ubufasha bw’umunyamategeko bwaba bwiza.
Ndabizi ko aya ari amakuru menshi yo kukubwira, bityo tuzashyiraho umurongo w'ikibazo muri iki kiganiro ubu ngubu. Ariko ubutaha nzaguha inama zagufasha gutekereza ku buryo bwo kwirinda kugira ngo urinde 310 guhamagara (menya neza ko nta cyizere cy'uko bitazabaho, ariko hari ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ubikumire).
Mubyukuri,
Kris