AMATEKA YABANA B'UMURIRO N'UBUFATANYE N'UMURYANGO

Gutanga ibikoresho abantu, imiryango nabana barashobora kwishingikiriza

Guhuriza hamwe imbaraga zo kurushaho gukorera abaturage ba Indiana

Ibiro by’abana n’imiryango Babanje gufasha mu gushiraho serivisi zabantu muri Indiana yo hagati. Buri muryango ukomeje kwiyemeza gukora iki gikorwa watumye habaho ibiganiro byerekeranye no guhuriza hamwe imbaraga kugirango ubukungu bugerweho, gutanga umurongo wuzuzanya wa serivisi no gukoresha umutungo muke kugirango serivisi zinoze zikomeze. Ibyavuye muri izo nama byahujwe ku ya 21 Mata 2021.
Mu 2022, amashyirahamwe yongeye gukora nka Firefly Children and Family Alliance. Mbere yo guhuza Biro y’abana n’imiryango Ubwa mbere, iyo miryango yombi yakoranye imyaka myinshi. Inkuru yacu irerekana uburyo imibereho n'imibereho ishingiye ku bitekerezo byo kwita ku bana n'imiryango byahindutse mu mateka yacu amaze ibinyejana bibiri kandi bishimangira ibyo twiyemeje guhaza ibyo abakiriya bacu ndetse n'abaturage bakeneye.

Amateka Yisangiwe: Abana b'umuriro hamwe na Family Alliance muminyejana

Amashyirahamwe yombi yahurije hamwe imbaraga zo kuba Firefly Children and Family Alliance, Biro y’abana n’imiryango Mbere, yari imwe mu miryango idaharanira inyungu ya Indiana, ifite imizi kuva mu binyejana bibiri.

Imiryango Yatangiye gushyigikira no gushimangira imiryango ya Indiana mumwaka wa 1835, igihe yashingwa nkumuryango utabara imbabare wa Indianapolis. Umuryango w'incuti z'abapfakazi n'imfubyi, washinzwe mu 1851 mu rwego rwo kwegera umuryango umwe w'Abagiraneza witwa Indianapolis, watumye Biro ishinzwe abana.

Imyaka Yambere: Umuryango Wabagiraneza wa Indianapolis

Ku munsi wo gushimira Imana mu 1835, itsinda ry’abaturage b’abagiraneza bashinze umuryango wa Indianapolis Benevolent Society, umuryango uzabyara Biro y’abana ndetse n’imiryango mbere. Inshingano zayo kwari “gushakisha imiryango itishoboye no kubaha ubutabazi bwihuse.”

Umuryango wa Indianapolis Benevolent Society nicyo kigo cya mbere cyumuryango muri Amerika cyateguwe kugirango gikemure ibyo abantu bakeneye ndetse nimiryango - batitaye kumoko cyangwa idini - mubaturage. Yatanze ibiryo, imyambaro ndetse rimwe na rimwe ubufasha bwamafaranga kugirango hongerwe amafaranga make ya leta aboneka mumiryango ikeneye.

Intego yagutse yari iyo gushimangira imiryango nabaturage bafasha imiryango kubana. Muri icyo gihe, kwemera ubutabazi bwa leta bishobora gusobanura kohereza umwe mu bagize umuryango cyangwa benshi mu kigo. Nubwo byinshi byahindutse muri Indiana kuva muri iyo minsi yo hambere, akamaro k'umuryango kakomeza kuba kamwe. Noneho, nkuko bimeze icyo gihe, imiryango ihamye itanga umutekano, ubuyobozi, guhoraho no gukundana - ariko cyane cyane kubana.

Imizi mu Bapfakazi n'Imfubyi Umuryango w'inshuti

Biro y'abana yari ifite imizi mu muryango w'incuti z'abapfakazi n'imfubyi, washinzwe mu 1851 mu rwego rwo kwegera umuryango w'abagiraneza wa Indianapolis ugamije gukuraho “ibyifuzo by'umubiri, ubwenge ndetse n'umuco by'abapfakazi n'impfubyi bo muri uwo mujyi.”

Mugihe uyumunsi uru rurimi rusa nkaho rufite inyandiko zurubanza, ubutumwa bwumuryango w’abagenzi b’abapfakazi n’imfubyi bwagaragaje ukuri kwicyo gihe: abagore babuze abagabo basigaye bafite amahitamo make yubukungu, kandi abana babuze umwe cyangwa ababyeyi bombi bari bafite nta neti yubwiteganyirize bwo gusubira inyuma.

Mu 1855, Umuryango w'incuti z'abapfakazi n'imfubyi hamwe na societe ya Benevolent ya Indianapolis bakusanyije amafaranga yo gufungura ikigo cy'imfubyi kuri Capitol Avenue no ku Muhanda wa 14.

Gukura no Guhinduka muri Indiana

Imyaka mirongo yashize mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 yabonye igihe cyo gutera imbere no gukura kuri Indiana. Abagiraneza bo muri uyu mujyi bongeye gushyira ingufu mu gufasha abana n'imiryango iri mu kaga.

  • Mu 1875, Inteko rusange ya Indiana yahinduye izina ry’umuryango w’inshuti z’abapfakazi n’imfubyi ahinduka ubuhungiro bw’imfubyi za Indianapolis.
  • Mu 1879, imiryango myinshi y'abagiraneza, harimo na societe y'abagiraneza ya Indianapolis, bahurijwe hamwe bashinga Umuryango w’ishirahamwe ryita ku bagiraneza, bakora nk'inzego z'ubuyobozi n’iperereza zerekeza imanza ku mfashanyo.
  • Mu 1922, Umuryango w’umuryango w’abagiraneza wahujije imiryango myinshi ifitanye isano - harimo n’ishyirahamwe rifasha abana - gushinga umuryango wita ku mibereho y’umuryango, wari ugamije gukemura ibibazo by’umuryango.

Mu myaka ya za 1930, Umuryango w’imibereho myiza y’umuryango ntiwongeye gutanga ubufasha bw’amafaranga mu buryo butaziguye, ahubwo wakoraga kugira ngo ubuzima bw’umuryango binyuze mu burezi, ubujyanama na serivisi z'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

Mu 1934, Ishyirahamwe rifasha abana ry’umuryango wita ku mibereho y’umuryango ryabaye Biro y’abana y’ubuhungiro bw’imfubyi za Indianapolis.

Kugeza Uyu munsi

Mugihe imiterere yibikorwa byubufasha bwumuryango byahindutse nyuma yintambara ya kabiri yisi yose, ubutumwa bwiyi miryango ibangikanye nabwo bwarahindutse.

Ihagarikwa ry’imfubyi ya Biro y’abana mu 1941 ryagaragaje ko ryahindutse riva mu ishyirahamwe rusange rikaba ryigenga. Kubona amazu y'abana bakeneye ubufasha binyuze mu kubakira no kubarera byaba intego nyamukuru - hamwe no kwaguka harimo amazu yo mu matsinda, ubuzima bw'inzibacyuho na gahunda ku bana bafite ibyago.

Sosiyete ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’umuryango, izahindura izina ikitwa Ishyirahamwe ry’imiryango ishinzwe umuryango wa Indianapolis hanyuma amaherezo ikitwa Imiryango Yambere, yimuye icyerekezo cyayo kure y’ubutabazi no mu mibereho myiza na serivisi z’ubujyanama zigamije gushimangira imiryango n’abaturage.

Imiryango yombi yakiriye igitekerezo cyuzuye cyumuryango gikubiyemo cyane cyane isano ijyanye no kurera no gushyigikirwa kimwe na bene wabo. Kandi ayo mashyirahamwe yombi yagiye ahinduka kugirango akorere itsinda ryinshi ryabana nimiryango ikeneye.

Ahantu nubuhanga dukoresha mugukorera abaturage nabyo byarahindutse. Ubu duhura n'abantu aho bari - murugo rwabo, no mubuzima bwabo - twubaha kwishyira ukizana.

Twese hamwe

Mu myaka yashize, Biro y’abana n’imiryango Yabanje guhuza serivisi n’indi miryango ya Leta n’abikorera itanga serivisi z’imibereho mu baturage. Nyamara, nko mu mpera za 1800, ubwihindurize bwurubuga rugoye rwibigo bitanga serivisi zingenzi byatumye habaho guhuzagurika mubice byinshi, bituma hashyirwaho ihuriro ry’abana bato n’imiryango.

Uyu munsi, twongeye guhuzwa nkumuryango umwe. Guhuza umutungo n'ubuhanga byacu bidufasha kurushaho gukorera abaturage dutanga uburyo bunoze bwo gukumira ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana, gutabara no kubungabunga imiryango, serivisi zita ku rubyiruko no gukira. Ubu turashoboye guhuza no gutanga serivisi zita kubantu bose - ntabwo ari impungenge gusa. Nkibisubizo byiyi mpinduka, dufite ingaruka zikomeye kurushaho.